Growth plate

Author: Aravindan

Growth plate skeletal stem cells (gpSSCs)—also referred to as epiphyseal or resting zone skeletal stem cells—are responsible for maintaining the growth plate. Located primarily in the resting zone of the cartilaginous growth plate, these cells self-renew and continuously generate new cartilage cells (chondrocytes) to drive longitudinal bone growth during childhood and adolescence. 

Key Characteristics of Growth Plate Stem Cells

• • Location: Reside in the uppermost region of the growth plate known as the resting zone.
  • Function: Continuously self-renew and differentiate into proliferating chondrocytes that eventually calcify and turn into bone.
  • Identifying Markers: Express specific molecular markers including parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), CD73, Axin2, and Sox9.
  • Fate: Drive linear growth until skeletal maturity is reached, at which point the growth plate fuses and the stem cell population depletes.

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